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GeeGit Explains · Indonesia

Kenapa kebakaran lahan gambut susah dipadamkan?

Why are peat fires so hard to put out?

Api gambut membara di bawah permukaan tanah, sehingga bom air dari udara sulit mencapainya. Kuncinya membasahi kembali lahan gambut.

Sampul short: Why are peat fires so hard to put out?

Short-nya segera tayang di YouTube @geegit

Penjelasannya

Helikopter menjatuhkan ribuan ton air ke kebakaran hutan tropis, tetapi asapnya terus mengepul selama berbulan-bulan. Bagaimana api bisa bertahan dari ratusan kali bom air?

Karena apinya tidak di permukaan, melainkan di bawahnya. Lahan gambut adalah spons purba dari tumbuhan yang terpadatkan selama ribuan tahun dan kaya karbon. Ketika kanal drainase mengeringkannya, gambut berubah menjadi "lapisan batu bara" bawah tanah yang menunggu percikan api.

Begitu terbakar, gambut tidak menyala dengan api terbuka. Ia membara diam-diam hingga dua meter di bawah permukaan, dan air dari udara menguap sebelum mencapai bara yang merayap di antara akar. Kebakaran gambut tidak bisa dipadamkan dari udara; satu-satunya obat adalah membasahi kembali seluruh bentang lahan dari dalam.

Diagram dari video

Diagram GeeGit: Helicopters drop thousands of tons of water on tropical forest fires, yet the smoke keeps rising for months.
“Helicopters drop thousands of tons of water on tropical forest fires, yet the smoke keeps rising for months.”
Diagram GeeGit: Peatlands are ancient sponges of compressed plant matter formed over thousands of years, packed with pure carbon.
“Peatlands are ancient sponges of compressed plant matter formed over thousands of years, packed with pure carbon.”
Diagram GeeGit: You cannot put out a peat fire from the air. The only cure is drowning the entire landscape from within.
“You cannot put out a peat fire from the air. The only cure is drowning the entire landscape from within.”
Transkrip video (English)

Helicopters drop thousands of tons of water on tropical forest fires, yet the smoke keeps rising for months.

How can a fire survive hundreds of direct water bombings? Because the fire isn't on the ground. It's under it.

Peatlands are ancient sponges of compressed plant matter formed over thousands of years, packed with pure carbon.

When drainage canals dry them out, they become underground coal beds waiting for a spark.

Once ignited, peat does not burn with open flames. It smoulders silently two meters below the surface.

Surface water evaporates before it ever reaches the glowing embers crawling through the deep root systems.

You cannot put out a peat fire from the air. The only cure is drowning the entire landscape from within.

Sumber

  • Nature Geoscience
  • NASA Earth Observatory
  • BRGM

Diagram digambar ulang dan disederhanakan oleh GeeGit. Narasi video: suara AI.

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