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GeeGit Explains · Indonesia

Kenapa Jakarta tenggelam? Bukan cuma karena air laut

Why is Jakarta sinking? It's not just the sea

Sebagian Jakarta Utara turun hingga 20 cm per tahun karena pengambilan air tanah, jauh lebih cepat dari kenaikan muka laut 3-4 mm per tahun.

Sampul short: Why is Jakarta sinking? It's not just the sea

Short-nya segera tayang di YouTube @geegit

Penjelasannya

Berita di seluruh dunia menyebut Jakarta tenggelam karena perubahan iklim menaikkan muka laut. Itu hanya sebagian kecil kebenaran. Jakarta bukan cuma melawan air yang naik; tanahnya sendiri ambles.

Secara global, muka laut naik sekitar 3 sampai 4 milimeter per tahun. Tetapi sebagian Jakarta Utara turun hingga 20 sentimeter per tahun, sekitar lima puluh kali lebih cepat. Biang keroknya bukan laut, melainkan tanah di bawahnya.

Sumur-sumur pribadi yang tak terhitung jumlahnya menyedot air tanah dalam untuk kebutuhan kota. Mengosongkan akuifer membuat lapisan lempung lunak memadat seperti balon kempis di bawah gedung-gedung tinggi. Tanggul laut hanya menahan ombak; solusi sebenarnya adalah memberi sepuluh juta warga air ledeng agar mereka berhenti mengeringkan tanah.

Diagram dari video

Diagram GeeGit: Headlines around the world claim Jakarta is sinking because climate change is raising the ocean.
“Headlines around the world claim Jakarta is sinking because climate change is raising the ocean.”
Diagram GeeGit: Globally, sea levels are rising by about three to four millimeters each year.
“Globally, sea levels are rising by about three to four millimeters each year.”
Diagram GeeGit: The culprit isn't the sea. It's the ground beneath. Countless private wells pump deep groundwater to supply the city.
“The culprit isn't the sea. It's the ground beneath. Countless private wells pump deep groundwater to supply the city.”
Transkrip video (English)

Headlines around the world claim Jakarta is sinking because climate change is raising the ocean.

That is only a fraction of the truth. Jakarta isn't just fighting rising water: it is collapsing under its own weight.

Globally, sea levels are rising by about three to four millimeters each year.

But parts of North Jakarta are dropping by up to twenty centimeters a year. That is fifty times faster.

The culprit isn't the sea. It's the ground beneath. Countless private wells pump deep groundwater to supply the city.

Emptying those aquifers compresses the soft clay soil like a deflating balloon beneath skyscrapers.

Sea walls only hold back the waves. The real fix is giving ten million people tap water so they stop draining the ground.

Sumber

  • ITB Geodesy Research Group
  • Nature Climate Change
  • USGS

Diagram digambar ulang dan disederhanakan oleh GeeGit. Narasi video: suara AI.

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