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Bagaimana hujan buatan bekerja? Modifikasi cuaca dengan es kering

How does cloud seeding work? Why Indonesia drops dry ice

Penyemaian awan dengan garam atau es kering bersuhu minus 78 derajat Celsius bisa memicu hujan untuk membantu mengatasi asap, tapi butiran yang terlalu besar bisa jatuh ke permukiman.

Sampul short: How does cloud seeding work? Why Indonesia drops dry ice

Short-nya segera tayang di YouTube @geegit

Penjelasannya

Di atas hutan Indonesia, pesawat angkut militer menaburkan berton-ton es kering langsung ke awan. Kelihatannya fiksi ilmiah, tetapi ini senjata atmosfer melawan kabut asap kebakaran hutan.

Penyemaian awan biasa menyemprotkan garam halus ke awan hangat agar uap air berkumpul menjadi tetesan besar. Es kering lebih ekstrem: pada suhu -78°C, ia membekukan seketika uap air yang sangat dingin di awan menjadi kristal es. Bila berhasil, kristal itu tumbuh menjadi butir hujan yang cukup berat untuk jatuh dan membantu membersihkan asap.

Risikonya: bila butiran beku terlalu besar, ia tidak sempat menguap dan jatuh menghantam atap seperti batu. Membuat hujan bukan sulap, melainkan keseimbangan berisiko antara memadamkan api dan menjatuhkan hujan es di kota sendiri.

Diagram dari video

Diagram GeeGit: High above Indonesian forests, military transport planes are dumping tons of solid dry ice straight into the clouds.
“High above Indonesian forests, military transport planes are dumping tons of solid dry ice straight into the clouds.”
Diagram GeeGit: Standard cloud seeding sprays fine salt into warm clouds to gather moisture into heavy droplets.
“Standard cloud seeding sprays fine salt into warm clouds to gather moisture into heavy droplets.”
Diagram GeeGit: The danger? If the frozen pellets are too large, they don't evaporate, crashing into rooftops below like falling rocks.
“The danger? If the frozen pellets are too large, they don't evaporate, crashing into rooftops below like falling rocks.”
Transkrip video (English)

High above Indonesian forests, military transport planes are dumping tons of solid dry ice straight into the clouds.

It looks like science fiction, but it is an aggressive atmospheric weapon against toxic forest fire haze.

Standard cloud seeding sprays fine salt into warm clouds to gather moisture into heavy droplets.

Dry ice is far more extreme: at minus seventy-eight degrees Celsius, it flash-freezes supercooled cloud moisture into ice crystals.

When it works, those crystals grow into raindrops heavy enough to fall, helping to wash out the smoke.

The danger? If the frozen pellets are too large, they don't evaporate, crashing into rooftops below like falling rocks.

Making rain isn't magic. It's a high-stakes balance between putting out fires and dropping ice storms on your own towns.

Sumber

  • BRIN Weather Modification Lab
  • BMKG
  • AMS

Diagram digambar ulang dan disederhanakan oleh GeeGit. Narasi video: suara AI.

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