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Siapa pemilik Bulan?

Who owns the Moon? The Outer Space Treaty explained

Menurut Traktat Luar Angkasa 1967, tak satu negara pun boleh mengklaim Bulan. Tapi soal menambang es dan mineralnya, aturannya masih diperdebatkan.

Sampul short: Who owns the Moon? The Outer Space Treaty explained

Short-nya segera tayang di YouTube @geegit

Penjelasannya

Pada 1969, Neil Armstrong menancapkan bendera Amerika di debu Bulan. Namun Amerika Serikat tidak memiliki sejengkal pun tanah Bulan. Jadi siapa pemiliknya?

Jawaban hukumnya: tidak ada, sekaligus semua orang. Menurut Traktat Antariksa 1967 yang diteken lebih dari seratus negara, tidak ada negara yang boleh mengklaim kedaulatan atas benda langit mana pun. Kamu tidak bisa membeli tanah di Bulan, mendirikan koloni, atau membangun pangkalan militer di sana.

Tetapi traktat itu menyisakan wilayah abu-abu: klaim tanah dilarang, sementara penambangan tidak dilarang dengan jelas. Amerika dan mitra Artemis Accords berpendapat aturannya mirip menangkap ikan di laut internasional: lautnya bukan milik siapa pun, tetapi ikan yang kamu tangkap jadi milikmu. Bulan bukan milik siapa-siapa, tetapi es air dan mineral di bawahnya masih diperebutkan.

Diagram dari video

Diagram GeeGit: In 1969, Neil Armstrong planted the American flag into lunar dust. But the United States does not own a single inch of the Moon.
“In 1969, Neil Armstrong planted the American flag into lunar dust. But the United States does not own a single inch of the Moon.”
Diagram GeeGit: You cannot buy a lunar acre, declare a colony, or build a military base on the Moon.
“You cannot buy a lunar acre, declare a colony, or build a military base on the Moon.”
Diagram GeeGit: But the treaty left a grey zone: it banned claiming land, but it never clearly banned mining the soil.
“But the treaty left a grey zone: it banned claiming land, but it never clearly banned mining the soil.”
Transkrip video (English)

In 1969, Neil Armstrong planted the American flag into lunar dust. But the United States does not own a single inch of the Moon.

So who actually owns it? The legal answer is: nobody. And everybody.

Under the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, signed by over one hundred nations, no country can claim sovereignty over any celestial body.

You cannot buy a lunar acre, declare a colony, or build a military base on the Moon.

But the treaty left a grey zone: it banned claiming land, but it never clearly banned mining the soil.

The United States and its Artemis Accords partners argue it works like fishing in international waters: nobody owns the ocean, but the fish you catch are yours.

The Moon belongs to no one. But the water ice and minerals beneath it? Countries are still arguing over who gets to keep them.

Sumber

  • UN Outer Space Treaty (1967)
  • NASA Artemis Accords

Diagram digambar ulang dan disederhanakan oleh GeeGit. Narasi video: suara AI.

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